This thread will be about holy basil, which is also known as sacred basil and tulsi and tulasi.
Ayurveda is referring to the species Ocimum sanctum and Ocimum gratissimum I believe but am not certain. There is also temperate tulsi, Ocimum africanum, that is commonly sold in the USA as holy basil.
And these 3 species share a common genetic parent and may have close medicinal properties as well? O. americanum, O. africanum, O. basilicum var. purpurascens
Jamshidi, N., & Cohen, M. M. (2017). The Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Tulsi in Humans: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2017, 9217567. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9217567
Mondal S, Varma S, Bamola VD, Naik SN, Mirdha BR, Padhi MM, Mehta N, Mahapatra SC. Double-blinded randomized controlled trial for immunomodulatory effects of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) leaf extract on healthy volunteers. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Jul 14;136(3):452-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.05.012. Epub 2011 May 17. PMID: 21619917.
Lin CC, Chao PY, Shen CY, Shu JJ, Yen SK, Huang CY, Liu JY. Novel target genes responsive to apoptotic activity by Ocimum gratissimum in human osteosarcoma cells. Am J Chin Med. 2014;42(3):743-67. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X14500487. PMID: 24871663.
Satapathy S, Das N, Bandyopadhyay D, Mahapatra SC, Sahu DS, Meda M. Effect of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) Supplementation on Metabolic Parameters and Liver Enzymes in Young Overweight and Obese Subjects. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2017 Jul;32(3):357-363. doi: 10.1007/s12291-016-0615-4. Epub 2016 Sep 16. PMID: 28811698; PMCID: PMC5539010.
C. Srinivasa Prasadacharyulu, "Leaves of Ocimum sanctum [LOS]: a potent antidiabetic herbal medicine,", International Journal of Innovative Research and Development , vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 277-281, 2014.
Hannan JM, Marenah L, Ali L, Rokeya B, Flatt PR, Abdel-Wahab YH. Ocimum sanctum leaf extracts stimulate insulin secretion from perfused pancreas, isolated islets and clonal pancreatic beta-cells. J Endocrinol. 2006 Apr;189(1):127-36. doi: 10.1677/joe.1.06615. PMID: 16614387.
Lahon K, Das S. Hepatoprotective activity of Ocimum sanctum alcoholic leaf extract against paracetamol-induced liver damage in Albino rats. Pharmacognosy Res. 2011 Jan;3(1):13-8. doi: 10.4103/0974-8490.79110. PMID: 21731390; PMCID: PMC3119265.
Sampath S, Mahapatra SC, Padhi MM, Sharma R, Talwar A. Holy basil (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) leaf extract enhances specific cognitive parameters in healthy adult volunteers: A placebo controlled study. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2015 Jan-Mar;59(1):69-77. PMID: 26571987.
Mandal S, Das DN, De K, Ray K, Roy G, Chaudhuri SB, Sahana CC, Chowdhuri MK. Ocimum sanctum Linn--a study on gastric ulceration and gastric secretion in rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1993 Jan;37(1):91-2. PMID: 8449557.
Saxena RC, Singh R, Kumar P, Negi MP, Saxena VS, Geetharani P, Allan JJ, Venkateshwarlu K. Efficacy of an Extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum (OciBest) in the Management of General Stress: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:894509. doi: 10.1155/2012/894509. Epub 2011 Oct 3. PMID: 21977056; PMCID: PMC3185238.
Bhattacharyya D, Sur TK, Jana U, Debnath PK. Controlled programmed trial of Ocimum sanctum leaf on generalized anxiety disorders. Nepal Med Coll J. 2008 Sep;10(3):176-9. PMID: 19253862.
Mondal, Shankar. (2012). Dried leaf extract of tulsi [o. sanctum] reduces cardiovascular risk factors: result of a double blinded randomized controlled trial in healthy volunteers. J Preventive Cardiology. 1. 177-181.
Ayurveda is referring to the species Ocimum sanctum and Ocimum gratissimum I believe but am not certain. There is also temperate tulsi, Ocimum africanum, that is commonly sold in the USA as holy basil.
And these 3 species share a common genetic parent and may have close medicinal properties as well? O. americanum, O. africanum, O. basilicum var. purpurascens
Jamshidi, N., & Cohen, M. M. (2017). The Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Tulsi in Humans: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2017, 9217567. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9217567
Mondal S, Varma S, Bamola VD, Naik SN, Mirdha BR, Padhi MM, Mehta N, Mahapatra SC. Double-blinded randomized controlled trial for immunomodulatory effects of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) leaf extract on healthy volunteers. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Jul 14;136(3):452-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.05.012. Epub 2011 May 17. PMID: 21619917.
Lin CC, Chao PY, Shen CY, Shu JJ, Yen SK, Huang CY, Liu JY. Novel target genes responsive to apoptotic activity by Ocimum gratissimum in human osteosarcoma cells. Am J Chin Med. 2014;42(3):743-67. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X14500487. PMID: 24871663.
Satapathy S, Das N, Bandyopadhyay D, Mahapatra SC, Sahu DS, Meda M. Effect of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) Supplementation on Metabolic Parameters and Liver Enzymes in Young Overweight and Obese Subjects. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2017 Jul;32(3):357-363. doi: 10.1007/s12291-016-0615-4. Epub 2016 Sep 16. PMID: 28811698; PMCID: PMC5539010.
C. Srinivasa Prasadacharyulu, "Leaves of Ocimum sanctum [LOS]: a potent antidiabetic herbal medicine,", International Journal of Innovative Research and Development , vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 277-281, 2014.
Hannan JM, Marenah L, Ali L, Rokeya B, Flatt PR, Abdel-Wahab YH. Ocimum sanctum leaf extracts stimulate insulin secretion from perfused pancreas, isolated islets and clonal pancreatic beta-cells. J Endocrinol. 2006 Apr;189(1):127-36. doi: 10.1677/joe.1.06615. PMID: 16614387.
Lahon K, Das S. Hepatoprotective activity of Ocimum sanctum alcoholic leaf extract against paracetamol-induced liver damage in Albino rats. Pharmacognosy Res. 2011 Jan;3(1):13-8. doi: 10.4103/0974-8490.79110. PMID: 21731390; PMCID: PMC3119265.
Sampath S, Mahapatra SC, Padhi MM, Sharma R, Talwar A. Holy basil (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) leaf extract enhances specific cognitive parameters in healthy adult volunteers: A placebo controlled study. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2015 Jan-Mar;59(1):69-77. PMID: 26571987.
Mandal S, Das DN, De K, Ray K, Roy G, Chaudhuri SB, Sahana CC, Chowdhuri MK. Ocimum sanctum Linn--a study on gastric ulceration and gastric secretion in rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1993 Jan;37(1):91-2. PMID: 8449557.
Saxena RC, Singh R, Kumar P, Negi MP, Saxena VS, Geetharani P, Allan JJ, Venkateshwarlu K. Efficacy of an Extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum (OciBest) in the Management of General Stress: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:894509. doi: 10.1155/2012/894509. Epub 2011 Oct 3. PMID: 21977056; PMCID: PMC3185238.
Bhattacharyya D, Sur TK, Jana U, Debnath PK. Controlled programmed trial of Ocimum sanctum leaf on generalized anxiety disorders. Nepal Med Coll J. 2008 Sep;10(3):176-9. PMID: 19253862.
Mondal, Shankar. (2012). Dried leaf extract of tulsi [o. sanctum] reduces cardiovascular risk factors: result of a double blinded randomized controlled trial in healthy volunteers. J Preventive Cardiology. 1. 177-181.